Spondylosis Deformans
Spondylosis is a term referring to various degenerative diseases of the spine. Spondylosis deformans is a degenerative bone condition that seems to be related to the aging process in some dogs, especially the larger breeds. It is characterized by the development of bony spurs (osteophytes) that originate from intervertebral discs and grow to bridge the gap between adjacent vertebrae. It is common both in dogs and cats. The incidence and size of osteophytes increase with age.
Predisposing Factors
This condition is thought to be inherited as some breeds show clear predisposition. Other causes and risk factors include: repeated microtrauma, major trauma, lack of exercise. Obesity may also predispose to this condition. Recently, cases of spodylitis of bacterial and fungal origin have been reported. The causative organisms isolated from discospondylitis lesions were Scedosporium apiospermum (German Shepherd Dog), Spirocerca lupi (Rhodesian Ridgeback), and Candida albicans.
Signs
Most dogs afflicted by this disorder show no signs. However, in some dogs, pressure and pain originating from these bony growths can cause prominent hind-end weakness and reluctance to move. The dog may drag his hind feet, a condition known as "knuckling." Spondylosis that may occur just above the base of the tail, in the lumbosacral junction, may result in urinary or fecal incontinence.
Treatment
There is no cure for spondylosis deformans. Discomfort associated with this condition can be temporarily relieved with NSAIDs (anti-inflammatory drugs). In rare cases, where paralysis occurs, surgery can be attempted to reduce spinal cord compression. Clinical studies of orally administered d-glucosamine hydrochloride and collagen peptides on spondylitis deformans in dogs and cats have confirmed that these supplements increase proteoglycan and collagen synthesis as well as exhibit anti-inflammatory effects and trigger recovery of vascular circulation in the damaged area.3. Overweight dogs need to be fed low-calorie diets to prevent this condition.
References:
1. The Complete Home Veterinary Guide By Chris C. Pinney
2. The Pug Handbook. Brenda Belmonte
3. Clinical application of d-glucosamine and scale collagen peptide on canine and feline orthopedic diseases and spondylitis deformansSaburo. Minamia at al.
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