Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) is one of the most serious diseases affecting cats and other small animals. The virus is spread from cat to cat in saliva, through bite wounds, by contact or sharing feeding bowls or litter boxes. Most at risk are cats that are allowed to spend time outdoors. Kittens are especially susceptible to this infection.
Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) is one of the most serious diseases affecting cats. The virus is present in many apparently healthy cats. The disease can spread among animals, however, there is no proved connection with leukemia in humans.
Feline leukemia is the leading cause of cancer in cats. It can cause severe anemia, damage the immune system making the cat vulnerable to other infections. Kittens are particularly susceptible and 80% of cats carrying the virus die within 3 years. 75% cats abort and surviving kittens are weak and have what is called "fading kitten syndrome".
The symptoms of Feline Leukemia Virus vary depending on the particular form of the disease. The neoplastic form signs often include enlargement of the lymph nodes, lethargy, fever, vomiting, weight loss, labored breathing, jaundice, pale gums, general weaknessand diarrhea. The non-neoplastic form is characterized by persistent fever, weight loss, discharge for the nose, sores around claws and inflammation of the gums.
How you can protect your cat against FeLV:
The vaccination is recommended only for cats considered at risk for FeLV infection - those allowed outdoors unsupervised, those living in shelters, or those living in situations where new cats enter the environment frequently. Cats can catch feline leukemia only from direct contact with an infected cat. Mother cats can also pass it to their kittens.
The best way to protect against feline leukemia is to prevent exposure to possibly infected cats, as the vaccine isn't perfect and doesn't confer protection on all cats who are vaccinated. At-risk cats should be vaccinated every year. Initially, kittens are given two doses of vaccine three-to-four weeks apart, starting at age eight weeks. Blood tests are available to determine if a cat is infected with the virus. Infected cats may appear to be healthy. It is recommended to have any new cats tested before bringing them home.