More Information from Go Pets America
Renal Dysplasia
Renal dysplasia (RD) belongs to the group of common familial kidney disorders in cats and dogs that includes renal amyloidosis, renal dysplasia, polycystic kidneys, basement membrane disorders, and tubular dysfunction (Fanconi's syndrome).
Renal Dysplasia is a genetic disease that affects the kidneys. The kidneys are malformed (small and pale) and are unable to function properly. The functional kidney units (nephrons) do not mature and remain at their infantile stage until they fail. This loss of nephrons is "silent" because it can go on for monthe or years without causing any symptoms. Only when two-thirds of nephrons have been destroyed are there the beginning of the clinical signs.
SIGNS The early stage, called compensated renal insufficiency is marked by excessive thirst and increased urination. When three-quarters of nephrons are gone, affected dogs are in renal failure. The kidneys can no longer filter toxins from the blood and the affected dogs are physically ill from the poison.
The most severely affected dogs have problems by eight weeks of age. They die shortly thereafter. Mildly affected individuals may make it to six months of age before having problems. The most devastating cases to the breed are those that are only minimally affected and live long enough to contribute their defective genes to future generations. Blood test such as urea (blood urea nitrogen) and creatinine will only detect kidney problems when 75% or more of the kidney capacity is lost. The definitive diagnosis of renal dysplasia requires biopsy.
TREATMENT Although some medications can relieve the pain and suffering of the dog, there is no cure for kidney failure. Dialysis can be done, but it is expensive and typically buys only a small amount of time. A low-protein diet that is rich in specific amino acids and low in phosphates is the best nutritional approach for mildly affected individuals.
Breeders should test their puppies as early as eight weeks (ultrasound and urine tests). A renal biopsy may be more accurate, but it is less safe.
Dog breeds that are predisposed to Renal Dysplasia
Go Pets America recommends seeking the advice of your local veterinarian for the most appropriate vaccination program and for the diagnosis and treatment of your pet's health problems. For vaccination requirements please contact your state and local licensing authorities.
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